Keynote Ammonia revamp, Ammonia energy efficiency, Ammonia capacity increase.

This paper briefly refers to various approaches to revamping ammonia plants in order to achieve improvements in efficiency or to boost capacity. Two case histories are presented in some detail to illustrate the techniques applied in two real projects. Case History A deals with increasing the capacity of the Sasferco plant in Canada; Case History B details work to improve the efficiency of the Azomures ammonia plants in Romania.

Pan Orphanides, Orphanco, Athens, Greece

24 pages, 10 figures, 1 table.